It is common practice in correlational or quasi-experimental studies to use statistical control to remove confounding effects from a regression coefficient. Controlling for relevant confounders can de-bias the estimated causal effect of a predictor on an outcome, that is, bring the estimated regression coefficient closer to the value of the true causal effect.But, statistical control only works under ideal circumstances. When the selected control variables are inappropriate, controlling can result in estimates that are more biased than uncontrolled estimates. Despite the ubiquity of statistical control in published regression analyses and the consequences of controlling for inappropriate third variables, the selection of control variables is rarely well justified. We argue that, to carefully select appropriate control variables, researchers must propose and defend a causal structure that includes the outcome, predictors, and plausible confounders. We underscore the importance of causality when selecting control variables by demonstrating how population-level regression coefficients are affected by controlling for appropriate and inappropriate variables. Finally, we provide practical recommendations for applied researchers who wish to use statistical control.